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While no one can promise a sure-fire treatment to prevent memory loss, there are strategies that can significantly improve your chances of keeping Alzheimer's at bay.

How to Protect Your Memory and Brain Health

8 Key Strategies Focused on Saving Your Memory

Dr. Peter V. Rabins, acclaimed author and geriatric psychiatrist at Johns Hopkins - and one of the nation's leading experts on the care and management of patients with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia and memory care.

If someone told you there were eight straightforward steps you could take to dramatically enhance your quality of life and reduce or delay your chances for memory deterioration, what would you do?

Many experts believe that once you understand your various risk factors for cognitive decline, take control of them, and follow through with the evidence-based strategies detailed in How To Protect Your Memory and Brain Health, you'll be in a better position to keep your memory strong well into later life.

For example, do you know:

What's the best way to guard your memory and prevent dementia?

If you answered, stay heart healthy, you'd be right. And Dr. Rabins explains why with evidence from recent studies in the Archives of Internal Medicine. Controlling high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease are absolutely critical to cognitive function. Dr. Rabins explains how to take charge.

What are the effects of too little sleep on keeping your memory sharp?

Many of us have trouble sleeping at night. No big deal -- right? Now new studies show that getting adequate sleep plays an essential role in learning new information, relating to names, dates, faces, facts, specific events - in short forming memory.

What's so special about the Mediterranean diet?

For years the marketing and promotion of dietary supplements that claim to enhance memory have left many people confused and wary. Now recent evidence-based research reported in the Annals of Neurology suggests that people who closely follow the Mediterranean diet have a 40 percent lower risk of Alzheimer's disease. The take-away: The food you eat, not the pills, can prevent or slow the rate of cognitive decline.

How does regular physical activity protect memory and reduce the risk of Alzheimer's?

Studies investigating the exercise/memory/dementia link have shown positive outcomes in recent years. Dr. Rabins provides an in-depth look at a number of key studies to show you the benefits of regular exercise... and how to incorporate exercise into your schedule.

How does stress affect memory?

We all know that living a stress-filled life is unhealthy. It turns out that stress is worse for us than we thought. Johns Hopkins researchers have linked high levels of the stress hormone cortisol with poor cognitive performance in older adults. And another study, reported in the journal Neurology, found that depressed and anxious people are 40% more likely to develop mild cognitive impairment. In this fascinating section, Dr. Rabins provides key "stress erasers" - proactive steps you can take to reduce the stress in your life.

Every day, scientists are proving that diminished memory and mental capacity are NOT inevitable - and can be slowed, halted or even reversed through good nutrition, lifestyle habits and more. Even Alzheimer's disease is not something that suddenly occurs in old age. Rather, it's a continuum of illnesses that gets its start decades earlier without any symptoms.

So it makes sense that if we could find a way to keep our brains healthier and better able to counter the damage that occurs with age, we could better the odds of preserving memory and preventing or forestalling Alzheimer's and other dementias.

A recent report from the National Institutes of Health supports this view. It provides evidence that vascular disease risk factors - including mid-life hypertension, high cholesterol and diabetes - can all predispose someone to developing memory problems-even Alzheimer's.

While this may not sound like good news - it is.

Because it points the way to the importance of effective prevention strategies - strategies you can begin TODAY to keep your brain healthier, longer.

Original article – Johns Hopkins Health Alerts

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Alzheimer's Disease isn't inevitable. Many experts now believe you can prevent or delay dementia — even if you have a genetic predisposition. Reducing Alzheimer's risk factors like obesity, diabetes, smoking and low physical activity by just 25% percent could prevent up to half a million cases of the disease in the United States.

Regular exercise can keep your brain young, reducing your need for memory care.

Here are 10 new ways you can boost your brain health now.

1) Get moving
"If you do only one thing to keep your brain young, exercise," says Art Kramer, professor of psychology and neuroscience at the University of Illinois. Higher exercise levels can reduce dementia risk by 30 to 40% compared with low activity levels, and physically active people tend to maintain better cognition and memory than inactive people. "They also have substantially lower rates of different forms of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease," Kramer says.

 2) Pump some iron
Older women who participated in a yearlong weight-training program at the University of British Columbia at Vancouver did 13% better on tests of cognitive function than a group of women who did balance and toning exercises.
 
 3) Learn new skills
Learning spurs the growth of new brain cells. "When you challenge the brain, you increase the number of brain cells and the number of connections between those cells. But it's not enough to do the things you routinely do "says Keith L. Black, M.D., chair of neurosurgery at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles.

4) Reduce Stress
Chronic stress floods your brain with cortisol, which leads to impaired memory. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), which involves focusing one's attention on sensations, feelings and state of mind,  has been shown to reduce harmful stress hormones.
 
5) Eat like a Greek
A heart-friendly Mediterranean diet, fish, vegetables, fruit, nuts and beans, reduced Alzheimer's risk by 34 to 48% in studies conducted by Columbia University.

These fats may be equally important for maintaining a healthy brain and memory care.

6) Spice it up
Your brain enjoys spices as much as your taste buds do. Herbs and spices such as black pepper, cinnamon, oregano, basil, parsley, ginger and vanilla are high in antioxidants, which may help build brainpower. Scientists are particularly intrigued by curcumin. Indians have lower incidence of Alzheimer's, and one theory is it's the curcumin.

7) Find your purpose
Discovering your mission in life can help you stay sharp. Participants who approached life with clear intentions and goals at the start of the study were less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease over the following seven years.

8) Get a social life
Having multiple social networks helps lower dementia risk and your need for memory care. A rich social life may protect against dementia by providing emotional and mental stimulation. Other studies yield similar conclusions: Subjects in a University of Michigan study did better on tests of short-term memory after just 10 minutes of conversation with another person.

9) Reduce your risks
Chronic health conditions like diabetes, obesity and hypertension are often associated with dementia. Diabetes, for example, roughly doubles the risk for Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia. Controlling these risk factors can slow the tide.

10) Check vitamin deficiencies
Older adults don't always get all the nutrients they need from foods, because of declines in digestive acids or because their medications interfere with absorption. That vitamin deficit — particularly vitamin B12 — can also affect brain vitality.

AARP

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Reading, playing a variety of games, and doing other intellectual pursuits on a daily basis over the course of a lifetime could help prevent the formation of amyloid plaques that cause Alzheimer’s disease. But for the most benefit we may need to get our brains engaged early in life - years or decades before we need memory care.

In the first study of its kind, researchers examined the amount of beta amyloid deposits in the brains of healthy seniors with no signs of dementia and found that those who reported doing daily brainy activities from the age of 6 onward had very low levels of amyloid plaque - on par with of an average person in their early 20s. Those who do not engage in intellectual activities had higher plaque levels, according to the study.

This could mean that by the time people need memory care, it may be too late to prevent further progression of Alzheimer’s.

“It was fascinating to see that those who do not have high levels of cognitive activity had high levels of these plaques,’’ said study leader Susan Landau, a research scientist at the University of California-Berkeley’s Neuroscience Institute. “We assume many of the healthy people with amyloid plaques will go on to develop Alzheimer’s later on, though the imaging technology hasn’t been around long enough to confirm this.’’

Previous research indicates that the plaque forms in areas of the brain associated with default behaviors that we do automatically, such as brushing our teeth or driving a car while we’re daydreaming.

“I think it’s a little too early to say that there is a cause and effect relationship, but the finding is intriguing,’’ Sperling said, and “I definitely think there’s enough data now to encourage’’ people to make lifestyle changes - the earlier, the better.

Researchers discovered some time ago that the kinds of learning activities most beneficial for reducing the need of memory care as we age combines physical activity, social networking, and learning a new skill.

It is also clear that there’s a genetic component involved in the need for memory care as we age. Sperling said,  “But [genes] could play a much stronger role in those who develop Alzheimer’s before age 65’’ compared with those who develop it a decade or two later.

Original article – BostonGlobe.com

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They're often called middle-aged pauses or senior moments. One of the country's leading memory experts says that by age 45 people start having memory lapses, but you can do something about it. "People have more control than they think when it comes to their brain health," Dr. Gary Small says.

He is the director of the UCLA Longevity Center and has written "The Alzheimer's Prevention Program," which includes a simple memory-improving technique called "Look Snap Connect."


In the following video Dr. Small gives some ideas on how to prevent or hold off Alzheimer's Disease.



Original article KSEE news

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Right now there is no way to prevent Alzheimer's disease. The health of the body and brain depends on both lifestyle factors that are within your control.  It also depends on genetic factors.  However, new research reveals that lifestyle factors play an even more significant role in protecting the brain as we age.

In fact, a brain-healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a heart-healthy diet are critical elements for Alzheimer’s prevention.

Regular physical exercise reduces the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease by 50%. Regular exercise can also slow deterioration in those who have already started to develop cognitive problems. Try for at least 30 minutes of aerobic exercise five or more times per week.

Additionally, moderate levels of weight training increase muscle mass and help maintain brain health. Combining aerobics and strength training is much better than either activity alone.

Falls and the resulting head injuries are more likely as people age, which increases the risk for Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, balance and coordination exercises like yoga and Tai Chi can help with agility and fall prevention.

Maintaining a healthy diet is important in preventing Alzheimer’s disease. A heart- and brain-healthy diet that is rich in fish, nuts, whole grains, olive oil, and lots fresh produce.

Evidence suggests that omega-3 fatty acids, such as those found in cold-water fish such as salmon, tuna, trout and sardines may help prevent Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. Fish oil supplements are also a good source for omega-3s. In addition, it’s best to reduce consumption of full-fat dairy products, red meat, fast food, fried foods, and both packaged and processed foods.

Original article - Empowerher

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Alzheimer’s Disease, more and more people are trying to figure out how to prevent it, or at least, hold it off. Does eating a lot of fish and few processed foods really help protect against Alzheimer’s disease? A new study suggests that nutrition could play almost as strong a role as age, number of years of education, and high blood pressure, but not quite as much of a role as inherited genes.

In the study published in the journal Neurology, researchers measured the level of nutrients in the blood of nearly 300 seniors and found that those who had high levels of vitamin D and omega 3 fatty acids - both found in salmon, tuna, and other fatty fish - high levels of vitamins C, E, and B - antioxidants found in fruits, nuts, and green leafy vegetables - appeared to have somewhat more protection against early symptoms of Alzheimer’s. They were less likely to have cognitive difficulties, memory problems, and brain shrinkage - an indicator of Alzheimer’s - than those who had low levels of these nutrients.

The researchers also found that those who had blood markers that indicated high levels of trans fats - margarine and other partially-hydrogenated oils used in doughnuts, cookies, and other processed foods - were more likely to have memory loss and brain shrinkage.

This study may have more strength than previous studies in that it verified dietary patterns through blood measurements rather than relying on dietary recall questionnaires, which can be unreliable.

“These results need to be confirmed, but obviously it is very exciting to think that people could potentially stop their brains from shrinking and keep them sharp by adjusting their diet,’’ said study author Gene Bowman, a professor of public health at Oregon Health & Science University in Portland.

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Dr. Potter, chief of the Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology at the University of Nebraska Medical Center says:

Stay mentally active. What actually happens is that as we get older, synapses in the brain are stimulated by mental activity, so this helps to preserve mental ability. Just being well-educated is a good idea. Education and mental stimulation helps to create and preserve and develop new connections. So taking a course later in life is a good idea.

Following a good heart-healthy diet is good for memory because what's good for your heart is good for your brain. And you can actually stimulate develop of new brain cells with physical activity.

Dr. Mastrianni, Associate Professor of Neurology; Co-Director, Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders at the University of Chicago Medical Center says:

There things one can do to avoid developing Alzheimer's disease or memory decline associated with aging.  Lifestyle changes that have shown benefit include routine physical exercise, staying socially active and eating a heart-healthy diet. At least 30 minutes a day of physical activity gets your heart pumping and improves oxygenation of brain cells.

Social activity may include staying actively working, or volunteering in local organizations or clubs.  Research suggests that having a large network of social interactions helps to maintain good brain function and even delay Alzheimer's disease.

Finally, eliminating unhealthy practices such as cigarettes, too little sleep, and too much stress can't hurt and are likely to help your brain function better.

Dr. Shulman, assistant professor of neurology and associate director of Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology at the Pearl Barlow Center for Memory Evaluation and Treatment at the Silberstein Alzheimer's Institute at NYU Langone Medical Center says:

There are four main pillars of keeping healthy memory or maintaining brain fitness: healthy diet, exercise, keeping mentally stimulated and avoiding depression. There is no single entity that we can modify that will decrease the likelihood of someone developing Alzheimer's. It's a combination of applying all of these.

The issue with avoiding depression is a controversial one: Is depression itself a risk factor for dementia, or is the early sign of depression the earliest sign of dementia itself? It looks increasingly like it's a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, and there's a whole host of complicated reasons, but it does seem that if you keep stress-free and depression-free, that in and of itself is insurance for healthy aging.

Original article My Health News Daily

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Up to half of Alzheimer's disease cases worldwide are potentially attributable to seven preventable risk factors, a new study suggests. 

The findings show that Alzheimer's cases could be reduced if people quit smoking, increased their physical activity, enhanced their mental activity, controlled their blood pressure and diabetes, and managed their obesity and depression. 

The top 3 factors

In this study by University of California, San Fransisco, the authors reviewed previous research that examined factors that predispose people to developing Alzheimer's. They identified seven factors that were potentially within a person's control to change. 

Enhancing mental activity could make the biggest difference in developing Alzheimer's. That's because the study showed "low educational attainment" was the factor that impacts the largest portion of Alzheimer's cases worldwide. They defined low educational attainment as not completing higher education, having a low IQ or not participating in mentally stimulating leisure time activities, and found it contributes to 19% of Alzheimer's cases, or 6.5 million cases worldwide. 

Smoking contributes to the second-highest number of cases, 14% of cases, or 4.7 million cases worldwide.
Physical inactivity contributed to 13% of worldwide cases and was the third-largest factor. However, it was the highest contributor to cases in the U.S. — contributing to 21%, or 1.1 million cases. 

What really mattered was how common the risk factors were in the population. In the U.S., about a third of the population is sedentary, so a large number of Alzheimer's cases are potentially attributable to physical inactivity. 

However, worldwide, low education was more important, because so many people throughout the world are illiterate or are not educated beyond elementary school. And, smoking also contributed to a large percentage of cases worldwide because it is still very common. 

This suggests that smoking cessation and initiatives to increase physical activity could dramatically decrease  the number of Alzheimer's cases. 

A note of caution

It has been noted that while these seven factors may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's, none of the factors have been shown to cause the disease. 

However, the findings suggest "that preventive and therapeutic interventions have great potential," and that interventions should be carried out in high-risk populations. 

Globally, an estimated 33.9 million people have Alzheimer's, but that number could be reduced by 3 million if there was a 25% reduction in all seven of these risk factors. A 10% reduction in these seven factors could prevent 1.1 million cases. The number of worldwide cases is expected to triple over the next 40 years.

The results of the study were presented July 20 at The Alzheimer's Association 2011 International Conference on Alzheimer's Disease (ICAD), held in Paris. The study was simultaneously published online in the journal The Lancet Neurology. 

Original article on MSNBC.com

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One day your doctor might give you this prescription to prevent Alzheimer’s: Eat less red meat and sugar; eat more fruits, vegetables, fish and olive oil.

At least that seems to be the finding of a new study that found that eating a diet low in saturated fat and sugary treats can improve your memory and may reduce your risk of developing dementia.

Researchers with the University of Washington and Veterans Affairs Puget Sound medical center decided to see if a change in diet could affect the risk for Alzheimer’s or benefit those already suffering some mild but early symptoms of the disease.

What they found was that a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, grains, fish and olive oil can improve some memory skills in both healthy older adults, as well as those already experiencing cognitive difficulty.

More importantly, eating this kind of diet can help healthy adults reduce their risk of developing dementia, says study researcher Suzanne Craft with the Memory Wellness Program at the VA.

Researchers found that after four weeks on the low-fat diet, subjects had fewer toxic proteins and evidence of inflammation in their spinal fluid, both considered to be bio-markers for Alzheimer’s, Craft said.

“I like to think of this kind of diet as promoting healthy brain aging, as well as reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s,” she said.

The Washington state researchers wrote that they decided to take a “whole-diet” approach, rather than focus on a single dietary component, such as omega-3 fish oil. They also chose to test the subjects’ spinal fluid for bio-markers because of the importance of the central nervous system to brain health.

The 49 subjects, all older than 60, included 20 healthy adults with no signs of memory decline, and 29 who were at high-risk for Alzheimer’s, having already been diagnosed with some cognitive impairment.

They were randomly selected to either follow a four-week low-saturated fat, high-fiber plan similar to a Mediterranean diet, or a four-week high-saturated fat diet that included foods like red meat, butter, french fries and soda.

Both groups ate the same amount of protein and the diets were balanced so subjects did not lose or gain or weight.

However, for those who want to protect their brain health, it seems pretty clear from these preliminary results that eating a healthy diet is a powerful first step.

Original article on AARP

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